What is Rhinoplasty (Nose Surgery)? How is it Performed?

What is Rhinoplasty?

Rhinoplasty is a surgery performed to improve the shape, size or functions of the nose for both appearance and healthy breathing. Rhinoplasty aims to make the nose look more harmonious with the face while also solving respiratory problems.

During nose surgery, structures such as the nasal bridge, tip, wings, or septum can be reshaped. Rhinoplasty surgeries can be performed to correct congenital structural defects, repair post-traumatic deformations, or treat breathing problems such as a deviated septum. It can also help boost self-confidence by achieving a nose shape that is more proportionate to one's facial features.

Rhinoplasty surgeries stand out as one of the most frequently preferred procedures in the field of plastic surgery and as an important solution for balancing facial features. Rhinoplasty may also include details such as nose tip or nose root aesthetics.

Why is nose aesthetic surgery (rhinoplasty) performed?

Rhinoplasty is generally preferred due to aesthetic concerns or health problems. Aesthetically, it may be due to requests such as making the nose more compatible with the facial features, reshaping the nasal bridge, tip or wings.

In terms of health, conditions such as congenital structural disorders, deformations resulting from nasal trauma, and septum deviation causing breathing problems require rhinoplasty. This surgical procedure offers aesthetic and functional benefits by providing a more proportionate appearance to the person's face and improving respiratory functions.

Reasons for having rhinoplasty include:

• The nose appearing disproportionate to the face
• The nose appearing crooked or bent
• Low, wide, or misshapen nose tip
• Asymmetrical or overly wide nostrils
• A hump or bump on the bridge of the nose
• Septum deviation that makes breathing through the nose difficult (deviation)
• The nose showing deformity as a result of an accident or trauma
• Dissatisfaction with a previous nose surgery
• Correction of congenital nose deformities
• Desire to achieve a more aesthetic and balanced appearance of the face
• Desire to increase self-confidence and make the person feel better about themselves

What are the Stages of Rhinoplasty Surgery?

The nose aesthetics (rhinoplasty) process begins with a preliminary examination and evaluation. At this stage, the patient's expectations, nose and facial structure are examined and a personalized surgery plan is created. During surgery, general anesthesia is usually applied and the shape and functions of the nose are corrected by choosing one of the open or closed techniques.

• Preliminary Examination and Evaluation: A detailed interview is held with the patient before the surgery. The nose structure, facial proportions, health status and expectations of the patient are evaluated. If necessary, photographs are taken and postoperative goals are planned.
• Surgery Planning: A nose shape suitable for the patient's facial structure is designed. At this stage, respiratory functions as well as the aesthetic appearance of the nose are taken into consideration. Computer-aided simulations can be used if necessary.
• Anesthesia Application: General anesthesia or, in some cases, sedation is applied to ensure the patient's comfort during the surgery.
• Surgical Intervention: Rhinoplasty can be performed with an open or closed technique. In the open technique, the skin between the nostrils is cut, while in the closed technique, incisions are made inside the nose. The surgeon creates the desired appearance by reshaping the nasal bridge, septum, tip or wings.
• Stitching and Fixation: After the intervention is completed, the incisions are closed with stitches. Supportive materials such as silicone splints or plaster casts may be used to maintain the new shape of the nose.
• Postoperative Care: The patient is usually discharged the same day or the following day. Checks are made at regular intervals to ensure that swelling, bruising and tenderness are reduced. It is important for the patient to follow the instructions given during the recovery process.
• Complete Recovery Process: The initial swelling disappears within a few weeks; However, it may take 6 months to 1 year for the nose to completely heal and take its final shape. During this time, it is important to protect the nose from impacts and follow the recommended care instructions.

What are the Approaches to Rhinoplasty Surgery?

Nose aesthetic surgery (rhinoplasty) has two basic approaches: functional and aesthetic. Functional rhinoplasty is performed to eliminate respiratory problems and aims to correct structural problems such as septum deviation and turbinate hypertrophy that cause nasal congestion. Aesthetic rhinoplasty is performed to make the nose shape more compatible with the face and to eliminate aesthetic concerns such as nasal hump, nasal tip or width.

Functional Rhinoplasty

Functional rhinoplasty is a surgical approach that aims to improve respiratory function by correcting structural deformities in the nose. This surgery is usually performed to treat conditions that cause breathing difficulties, such as a deviated septum (curvature of the middle nasal septum), turbinate hypertrophy (enlargement of the nasal turbinates), or trauma-related deformities.

This process, which regulates intranasal airflow, allows the patient to breathe more easily and can improve the quality of sleep. Functional rhinoplasty can be performed alone or combined with aesthetic rhinoplasty.

Aesthetic Rhinoplasty

Aesthetic rhinoplasty is a surgical procedure that aims to make the nose shape more compatible with the patient's facial structure. Changes such as correcting the nasal hump, shaping the tip of the nose, reducing the width or ensuring symmetry of the nostrils are evaluated within this scope.

Aesthetic rhinoplasty not only provides a visual improvement but can also increase a person's self-confidence. To design a nose that fits the patient's facial proportions and natural appearance, the surgeon performs a detailed analysis and creates a personalized plan.

When is Rhinoplasty Performed?

The ideal time for rhinoplasty is when the nose development is complete and the person is ready both physically and psychologically. Since the postoperative recovery process can affect daily life, the timing of surgery should be planned to suit social and work life.

Holiday periods or times when work intensity is low may be preferred. Additionally, performing the treatment in spring or autumn can contribute positively to the healing process due to mild weather conditions.

In emergency cases such as nasal trauma or breathing difficulties, surgery should be performed without delay. It is important for women not to have the surgery during their menstrual period, as this can increase the risk of bleeding and complicate the healing process.

Sufficient recovery time should be allowed for surgery before important events. It's important to have open communication with your doctor about timing, sharing your expectations, and getting personalized advice. Consulting a specialist and evaluating all risks before undergoing aesthetic procedures is of great importance for your health.

Who Can Have Nose Aesthetic Surgery (Rhinoplasty)?

Rhinoplasty is a popular option for individuals who want to improve the appearance of their face, address breathing problems, or both. However, not everyone may be a suitable candidate for this surgery.

People who are suitable for rhinoplasty:

• Physically Developed Individuals: Nose development is usually completed by the end of adolescence. Therefore, ideal candidates for rhinoplasty are individuals whose noses are fully developed. For girls this is usually around age 15-16, and for boys it is around age 17-18.
• Those with good general health: The chance of success of the surgery and the recovery process are affected by the general health status. Therefore, individuals who do not have chronic diseases or those that are well controlled are more suitable candidates for rhinoplasty.
• Those with Realistic Expectations: Rhinoplasty aims to improve the existing nose structure and harmonize it with the face. However, it does not create a completely different nose or solve all facial problems. Having realistic expectations increases post-operative satisfaction.
• Those Who Are Psychologically Ready: Rhinoplasty can affect self-confidence as well as changing physical appearance. It is important to have a clear understanding of the reasons for the surgery and its possible consequences, and to be psychologically prepared.
• Non-Smokers: Smoking negatively affects the healing process and increases the risk of disease. Therefore, it is recommended to avoid smoking before and after rhinoplasty.

What are the Methods Used in Rhinoplasty Surgery?

Today, there are various rhinoplasty methods such as open, closed and secondary that can meet different needs and expectations.

Open Rhinoplasty

Open rhinoplasty is a procedure performed by making a small incision in the area between the nostrils, called the columella. This incision allows the surgeon to make more extensive changes by providing greater access to the internal structure of the nose. It is frequently preferred for complex nasal deformities, revision surgeries and nasal tip aesthetics.

Closed Rhinoplasty

Closed rhinoplasty is a procedure in which all incisions are made inside the nostrils. It leaves no visible scars and the healing process is generally quicker. However, it is suitable for smaller corrections because the surgeon's field of view is limited.

Secondary Rhinoplasty

Secondary rhinoplasty is a corrective procedure performed for patients who have previously undergone rhinoplasty but are dissatisfied with the results or have experienced complications. It is usually a more complex procedure and is performed with an open rhinoplasty technique.

Tip Plasty

Tip plasty is a cosmetic procedure that focuses solely on the tip of the nose. It is used to change the shape, size or projection of the tip of the nose. It can be performed with both open and closed techniques.

Laser Rhinoplasty

Laser rhinoplasty is a minimally invasive procedure that uses laser technology to correct minor changes in the shape of the nose. It is generally used to correct humps or protrusions on the bridge of the nose. The recovery process is rapid, but results may be limited.

Piezo Rhinoplasty

Piezo rhinoplasty is a method that uses ultrasonic vibrations to shape the nasal bones. It is preferred in cases requiring precise bone shaping. The risk of damage to surrounding tissues is lower.

Profiloplasty

Profiloplasty is a procedure that aims to improve the facial profile by changing the angle between the nose and forehead. It is generally used to correct humps or depressions on the bridge of the nose. It can provide both aesthetic and functional benefits.

It is important to consult a plastic surgeon to determine which method is right for you. Your doctor will evaluate your facial structure, nasal anatomy, expectations and medical history and offer you the most appropriate treatment option.

What are the Risks and Side Effects of Rhinoplasty?

Risks associated with rhinoplasty surgery include infection, bleeding, anesthesia-related problems, loss of sensation inside the nose, breathing difficulties, problems with wound healing, asymmetry, and undesirable aesthetic results.

• Asymmetry: Slight asymmetries may occur in the nose structure after surgery. This condition is usually minimal and often goes unnoticed. However, in some cases, revision surgery may be necessary.
• Loss of Smell: Although rare, temporary or permanent changes in the sense of smell may occur after rhinoplasty. This condition is often associated with damage to the sensitive olfactory nerves within the nose.
• Infection Risks: As with any surgical procedure, there is a risk of infection after rhinoplasty. This risk can be minimized with the use of antibiotics and appropriate wound care.
• Long Recovery Process: Although the recovery process after rhinoplasty varies from person to person, it can usually take several weeks. Swelling, edema, bruising and discomfort may be more noticeable in the first days. Full recovery and final results may take months to appear.
• Other Risks: There are also other risks such as bleeding, scarring, nasal congestion, numbness or tingling sensation on the skin, difficulty breathing, and health problems related to anesthesia.

Following rhinoplasty surgery, there may be difficulty breathing, permanent numbness in and around the nose, an uneven nose, pain, discoloration or permanent swelling, scarring, septum perforation, and the need for additional surgery. Detailed information about these risks is conveyed to the relevant persons before the surgery.

Before moving on to the rhinoplasty planning phase, a meeting is held between the doctor and the individual considering rhinoplasty to determine whether the surgical operation will be effective.

Who Cannot Have Rhinoplasty Surgery?

Nose aesthetics (rhinoplasty) may not be suitable for every individual and is not recommended in some cases. Rhinoplasty is not suitable for the following individuals:

• Those who are young, when nasal development is not complete (usually before the age of 15-16 in girls and 17-18 in boys);
• Those with active infection or inflammation in the nose;
• Those with systemic diseases such as uncontrolled diabetes, heart disease, or high blood pressure.
• Those with bleeding disorders or taking blood-thinning medications.
• Psychological problems, especially body dysmorphic disorder

Things to Do Before Rhinoplasty Surgery

Before rhinoplasty surgery, there are some important preparations to consider for a successful operation and a healthy recovery. First, a detailed medical examination should be performed and the patient's general health status, expectations and nasal structure should be evaluated.

Factors such as blood thinners, cigarettes and alcohol may negatively affect the success of the surgery and the healing process, so they should be stopped for a certain period of time in accordance with the doctor's recommendation.

The patient's regular medications and any allergies he or she may have must be reported to the doctor. In addition, general health should be good before surgery to reduce the risk of infection. All these preparations both increase the safety of the surgery and accelerate the recovery process.

Things to Consider After Rhinoplasty Surgery

After rhinoplasty surgery, several important points should be taken into consideration to ensure a successful recovery and achieve the desired results. It is important to keep the head elevated in the first days to reduce swelling and bruising. Cold compress applications recommended by the doctor may help the swelling go away more quickly. Blows to the nose should be avoided, and heavy exercises and excessive facial expressions should be avoided. Additionally, any splints or tampons placed inside the nose should be removed as directed by the doctor, prescribed medications should be used regularly, and check-ups should not be neglected.

Things to consider during the recovery process after nose aesthetics (rhinoplasty) surgery are as follows:

• Ensure splints and pads are protected.
• Avoid facial trauma.
• Sleep with your head elevated.
• Reduce swelling and bruising by applying cold compresses.
• Avoid strenuous activity.
• Avoid smoking and alcohol consumption.
• Take your medications regularly.
• Avoid putting pressure on your nose and wearing glasses.
• Protect yourself from sunlight.
• Avoid saunas and steam rooms.
• Do not skip your doctor's checkups.

After nose correction operations, collapsed nose wings, adenoid problems or undesirable nose filler results may be observed. While there are less invasive methods, such as laser nasal bridge shaving, every surgical procedure has its own risks.

Frequently Asked Questions About Rhinoplasty

How is rhinoplasty defined?

Rhinoplasty, also known as nose aesthetics, is a surgical operation performed to eliminate breathing problems or to aesthetically change the appearance of the nose. Both breathing and nose shape are interrelated. Rhinoplasty can be used not only to change the appearance of the nose but also to improve breathing. Septoplasty is a surgery performed to improve breathing.

What happens during rhinoplasty surgery?

During surgery, the nasal bone and cartilage structure is reshaped. The procedure is usually performed under general anesthesia.

How are rhinoplasty results evaluated?

The results aim for a nose appearance that is natural and in harmony with the face. Full recovery and final shape will occur over time.

What is a nasal tampon?

It is the material placed inside the nose to maintain its shape and prevent bleeding after nose surgery. It can be in the form of silicone or cloth.

What causes tampon displacement after nose surgery?

Slippage may occur due to sneezing, nose picking, or incorrect placement. This condition may cause discomfort and may require medical intervention.

What are the benefits of silicone nasal packing?

Silicone nose pads make breathing easier and less painful when removed. Additionally, it does not harm the intranasal tissues.

Is it harmful to sneeze with a tampon in your nose?

Yes, it may cause the tampon to become dislodged or bleed. The mouth should be kept open when sneezing.

How long can nasal packing be used?

It's usually removed within a few days. The duration may vary depending on the method used by the surgeon and the state of recovery.

How to choose the right plastic surgeon?

A physician who specializes in plastic surgery and is experienced and has strong references should be preferred. Before and after photos can also give you an idea.

How many hours does nose surgery take?

The nose surgery procedure is usually completed in 1.5 to 3 hours. It may vary depending on the technique used.

What is non-surgical rhinoplasty?

It is a non-surgical method that makes temporary corrections to the shape of the nose with filler applications. It has limited durability and does not correct structural problems.

How many days does it take to recover from nose surgery?

Initial improvement takes 1-2 weeks, with full results occurring within a few months. Swelling and bruising will decrease over time.

Is there an age limit for rhinoplasty?

It can usually be done when bone development is complete, that is, after the age of 16 in girls and 17 in boys. Physician evaluation is important.

Can a nose tip lift be performed?

Yes, only nose tip shaping can be done. It is generally a shorter procedure.

Can patients with sinusitis undergo rhinoplasty?

It may be possible, but the sinusitis condition should be evaluated in detail beforehand. If necessary, a functional procedure can also be performed simultaneously.

Can I have a non-surgical rhinoplasty?

If there is no serious deformity in the nose structure and minor shape corrections are desired, it may be a suitable option. Expert opinion should be sought.

Is sun exposure harmful after rhinoplasty?

Yes, it can cause skin discoloration and increased swelling. It is necessary to protect from the sun in the first months.

When will the swelling and bruising after surgery go away?

Swelling and bruising caused by rhinoplasty surgery usually begin to subside within 1 week. It may take a few weeks for it to go away completely.

What precautions should be taken after rhinoplasty?

Impact, heavy exercise, and lying face down should be avoided. The care steps recommended by the doctor should be followed meticulously.

Which should I undergo: open or closed rhinoplasty?

In cases where detailed changes are required, the open technique may be preferred, while in more limited operations the closed technique may be preferred. The surgeon makes the decision.

Is nose plastic surgery a difficult operation?

It is generally a safe procedure when performed by a surgeon who is an expert in the field. However, like any surgery, it requires careful planning.